Современные подходы к ведению пациентов с крапивницей

Союзом педиатров России совместно с Российской ассоциацией аллергологов и иммунологов и Российским обществом дерматовенерологов и косметологов (РОДВК) разработаны новые клинические рекомендации для диагноза «крапивница» для взрослых и детей. Крапивница является распространенным заболеванием: различные ее клинические варианты диагностируются у 15–25% людей в популяции, при этом четверть случаев приходится на хроническую крапивницу. Распространенность острой крапивницы составляет 20%, среди детского населения — 2,1–6,7%, при этом острая крапивница у детей встречается чаще, чем у взрослых. По данным систематического обзора и мета-анализа, хроническая крапивница у взрослых в общей популяции составляет 0,7 и 1,4% соответственно, у детей до 15 лет — до 1,1%. В статье рассматриваются особенности эпидемиологии, этиологии и патогенеза заболевания, особое внимание уделено вопросам дифференциально-диагностического поиска. Для пациентов детского возраста приведены рекомендации по лечению согласно принципам доказательной медицины и предложена ступенчатая схема терапии. Дано четкое разъяснение к проведению анализа эффективности терапии и оценки степени активности заболевания.

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